The Powerful Competition of China and the United States in Asia and the world

Authors

  • Mealea Keo
  • Sovannara Em
  • Socheat Sek

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54692/jari.v1i1.19

Keywords:

Powerful competition, international, influence, economy, strategy, geopolitics

Abstract

The geopolitical rivalry between China and the United States grew and sparked the political, economic, and security challenges worldwide. This paper argued China’s major initiatives, such as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and Made in China 2025, which aimed to strengthen its influence in the fields of infrastructure, technology, and the global economy. The United States used a variety of strategies, including economic sanctions, trade wars, and strengthening military alliances, to contain China’s growing influence in the region and the world. The impact of the rivalry in key regions, such as Africa, Latin America, and the Indo-Pacific, was that both countries preferred to compete through investment and diplomacy. The central ideological perspective of this rivalry focused on the global strategy between democracy and communism. The risks and opportunities in cooperation between China and the United States, through a focus on multilateral diplomacy and conflict resolution, were highlighted. Cambodia was considered a country in Southeast Asia that did not play a significant strategic role in power struggles, and Cambodia needed to strengthen its relations with the two superpowers with a sense of urgency.

References

Burgess, S. (2020). Confronting China’s Maritime Expansion in the South China Sea: A Collective Action Problem. Journal of Indo-Pacific Affairs, 3,112-34. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=10421766939038630344&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=en.

Burgess, S. (2023). The US-Indonesian Strategic Partnership and Air Force Relations. Journal of Indo-Pacific Affairs, 6(3).

Christopher, B. J. (2024). China's Evolving Counter Intervention Capabilities and Implications for the United States and Indo-Pacific Allies and Partners. https://www.csis.org/analysis/chinas-evolving-counter-intervention-capabilities-and-implications-united-states-and-indo.

Fong, Y. L., Ponnan, R., & De Rycker, A. (2020). Different countries, different perspectives: A comparative analysis of the South China Sea disputes coverage by Malaysian and Chinese newspapers. China Report, 56(1), 39-59.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0009445519895627.

FRESHNEWS (29/09/2021, 09:17pm). International Analysis: After establishing the AUKUS alliance, what is the next step for the United States?). https://freshnewsasia.com/index.php/en/ internationalnews.

Garamone, J. (2022). China Military Power Report Examines Changes in Beijing’s Strategy. US Department of Defense, November, 29. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=10223942388169900416&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5&hl=en.

Ha, H. T. (2021). The ASEAN-China Comprehensive Strategic Partnership: What’s in a Name? Yusof Ishak Institute, 11.

Haruka, N., & Steve, M. (2022). Australia, Japan Sign Defense Pact as China Concerns.https://thediplomat.com/2022/01/australia-japan-sign-defense-pact-as-china-concerns-loom/

Heath, T. R. (2023). Why Is China Strengthening Its Military? It's Not All About War. RAND Corporation. https://www. rand. org/pubs/commentary/2023/03/why-is-china-strengthening-itsmilitary-its-not-all. html. http://to7kr36v53.медовыетоматы.рф/i7ze8y19l.pdf.

Hong, Z. (2019). China's Belt and Road Initiative and ASEAN. China: An International Journal, 17(2), 127-147.

https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/43/article/726918/summary.

Iqbal, B. A. & Muhammad, F. M. (2023). Challenges to Underwater Sovereignty and Indonesia's.

https://thediplomat.com/2023/10/challenges-to-underwater-sovereignty-and-indonesias-naval-modernization/

Jiang, F. (2022). An analysis of the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF): Essence, impacts and prospects. East Asian Affairs, 2(02), 2250010. https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S2737557922500103.

Jie, L. (2005). China’s Domestic Politics and the Normalization of Sino-US Relations, 1969–1979. In Normalization of US-China Relations (pp. 56-89). Harvard University Asia Center.

https://brill.com/downloadpdf/display/book/edcoll/9781684174201/BP000004.pdf.

KaKuen, L J L. (2024). China's top 5 weapons systems, from stealth fighters to an anti.

https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/news/china/article/3287008/china-weapon/.

Kennedy, S. (Ed.). (2020). China's Uneven High-tech Drive: Implications for the United States. Center for Strategic & International Studies. https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/publication/200302_Kennedy_ChinaUnevenDrive_v3.pdf.

Lawrence, R. Z. (2006). China and the multilateral trading system. https://www.nber.org/papers/w12759.

Muhammad, E H. Jul 20, 2023. ASEAN-China Defense Cooperation: Recent Developments.https://thegeopolitics.com/asean-china-defense-cooperation-recent-developments/.

Natalie, C. August 1, 2024 2:51 pm (EST). Australia’s Growing Defense and Security Role in the Indo-Pacific. https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/australias-growing-defense-and-security-role-indo-pacific.

Nye, J. S. (2004). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. Public affairs. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=FT7TgbQAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=sra.

Pan, S. Y. (2013). Confucius Institute project: China's cultural diplomacy and soft power projection. Asian Education and Development Studies, 2(1), 22-33. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/20463161311297608/full/html.

RFI (08/01/2018 - 11:49). Why does the United States want to expand its offshore oil and gas exploration business?

https://www.rfi.fr/km/america/20180108.

RFI. (23/03/2021 - 18:42) The United States and China: A new competition in an old arena). https://www.rfi.fr/km.

THMEY THMEY. (01, Oct 2023, 10:19 pm), International: US and China point fingers at each other over spread of disinformation). https://thmeythmey.com/?page=detail&id=130427.

THMEY THMEY. (22, Aug 2023, 9:29 pm), International Politics International Why more than 40 countries want to join the BRICS group. https://thmeythmey.com/m/?page=detail&id=129326.

VOA Editorials. (05/10/2021). US, UK and Australia form new security partnership). https://editorials.voa.gov.

VOA Editorials. (16/07/2024). The Indo-Pacific must remain a free and secure region). https://editorials.voa.gov.

VOANEWS (20/08/2020). US allies strengthen alliance to counter China's maritime expansion). https://khmer.voanews.com/.

Wiśniewski, R. (2023). Military power as an instrument of international politics in the Indo-Pacific. In Handbook of Indo-Pacific Studies (pp. 175-204). Routledge India.

Downloads

Published

2025-09-07

How to Cite

Keo, M., Em, S., & Sek, S. (2025). The Powerful Competition of China and the United States in Asia and the world. Journal of Applied Research and Innovation (JARI), 1(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.54692/jari.v1i1.19

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.